The four western townships of Dufferin County are covered by gently undulating till plains, which make the Townships of Amaranth, East Garafraxa, East Luther, and Melancthon ideally suited for agriculture.  The Grand River, a Canadian Heritage River, has its headwaters in the north-west corner of Melancthon Township, and is the dominant river system in this part of Dufferin County.  The Grand drains an area of 6,734 square kilometers , the largest cachment basin in southwestern Ontario. Its main tributaries are the Conestogo, Nith, and Speed. Luther Lake, a man-made reservoir for the Grand River system, is on the boundary between the Township of East and West Luther. The Lake covers 25 square miles and provides a wide variety of unique wildlife habitat and recreational opportunities.
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